Coagulation Process Followed SARS-Cov2 Infection and Vaccination
Keywords:
COVID-19 , PT, PTT, INR , D-Dimer , Platelets , VaccinesAbstract
SARS-CoV-2, or COVID-19, a rapidly spreading coronavirus, leads to severe acute respiratory syndrome. In severe cases, hypercoagulability and inflammation significantly contribute to poor outcomes and mortality. This study investigated the coagulation process post-vaccination and infection in Iraq. A case-control study with 450 Iraqi participants included 90 healthy controls, 90 Pfizer vaccine recipients, 90 AstraZeneca vaccine recipients, 90 Sinopharm vaccine recipients, and 90 unvaccinated, infected individuals. Subgroups were followed up at 1, 2, and 3 months post-vaccination or infection to analyze plasma PT, PTT, INR, blood platelets, and D-Dimer. Significant differences were observed in D-Dimer levels among groups (p=0.000). Higher platelet counts were seen in infected patients, followed by AstraZeneca recipients (p<0.05). Thrombocytopenia was noted in Pfizer recipients in the first three months. A significant drop in PT and PTT was recorded in hospitalized patients one month post-infection, with no significant differences thereafter or in other groups (p>0.05). COVID-19 severity correlates with fibrin and fibrinolytic activity. AstraZeneca recipients showed a higher risk of coagulation and fibrin formation compared to Pfizer and Sinopharm recipients, highlighting the potential need for anticoagulants to mitigate risks.
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